Spore-forming bacteria in the dairy chain

The Prevalence and Control of Bacillus and Related Spore-Forming Bacteria in the Dairy Industry

Milk produced in udder cells is sterile but due to its high nutrient content, it can be a good growth substrate for contaminating bacteria. The quality of milk is monitored via somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts, with prescribed regulatory limits to ensure quality and safety. Bacterial contaminants can cause disease, or spoilage of milk and its secondary products. Aerobic spore-form...

Detection and Enumeration of Spore-Forming Bacteria in Powdered Dairy Products

With the abolition of milk quotas in the European Union in 2015, several member states including Ireland, Luxembourg, and Belgium have seen year on year bi-monthly milk deliveries to dairies increase by up to 35%. Milk production has also increased outside of Europe in the past number of years. Unsurprisingly, there has been a corresponding increased focus on the production of dried milk produc...

Classification of the spore-forming sulfate-reducing bacteria.

Farm level survey of spore‐forming bacteria on four dairy farms in the Waikato region of New Zealand

The aim of our study was to determine the occurrence and diversity of economically important spore-forming bacteria in New Zealand dairy farm systems. Farm dairy effluent (FDE) collected from Waikato dairy farms were tested for the presence of spore-forming bacteria, using a new culture-based methodology followed by genomic analysis. An enrichment step in which samples were inoculated in cooked...

Non Spore-Forming Bacteria: Sterility and Ultrastructure Study

Live organisms from containment laboratories must be inactivated with a valid protocol, or subsequently sterility tested prior to removal from containment and worked with in a lower level of containment. For bioforensic analysis, many specimens that are imaged using electron microscopy (EM) come from BSL2, BSL-3 and BSL-4 containment laboratories. Current literature documents many procedures fo...